JCB 3C, 3CX, 4CX Backhoe Loader Service Manual
1,912 pages · Publication 9803-3290-16
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What's inside
From the manual's own table of contents: 8 sections, 603 entries. See sample pages (PDF, 423 KB)
General85 topics
- About this Publication
- Using the Service Manual
- Section Numbering
- Units of Measurement
- Left Side, Right Side
- Cab/Canopy
- Cross References
- Machine Nomenclature
- Identifying the Machine
- Machine Identification Plate
- Component Identification Plates
- Fuel
- Types of Fuel
- Zinc Plated Fasteners and Dacromet Fasteners
- Introduction
- Bolts and Screws
- Hydraulic Connections
- O' Ring Face Seal System
- Torque Stop' Hose System
- `Quick-Connect' Pilot Hoses
- Disconnecting
- Connecting
- Numerical List
- Sealing and Retaining Compounds
- Colour Coding
- Hydraulic Schematic Colour Codes
- Important Information
- The Operator Manual
- Safety Warnings
- Safety Check List
- Safety - Yours and Others
- General Safety
- Operating Safety
- Maintenance Safety
- Safety Labels
- Safety Label Identification
- Health and Safety
- Lubricants
- Battery
- Service Schedules
- Fuel System
- How to Use the Service Schedules
- Calendar Equivalents
- Pre-start Cold Checks, Service Points and Fluid Levels
- Functional Test and Final Inspection
- Lubricants and Capacities
- Coolant Mixtures
- Prepare the Machine for Maintenance
- How to Make the Machine Safe (Loader Arms Lowered)
- How to Make the Machine Safe (Loader Arm Lifted)
- Cleaning the Machine
- Preparing the Machine for Cleaning
- Checking for Damage
- Check the Machine Body and Structure
- Check the Tyres
- Check the Seat and Seat Belt
- Check the Hydraulic Hoses and Fittings
- ROPS/FOPS Structure
- Checking The ROPS/FOPS Structure
- Greasing
- Preparing the Machine for Greasing
- Loader Arms
- Backhoe and Quickhitch
- Front Axle (2 Wheel Drive Machines)
- Front Axle (4 Wheel Drive Machines)
- Front Axle (All Wheel Drive Machines)
- Rear Axle (All Wheel Drive Machines)
- Extending Dipper
- Driveshafts
- 6 - In - 1 Clamshovel
- Stabilisers (Centremount Machines)
- Loader Quickhitch
- Power Sideshift
- Kingpost
- Knuckle (if fitted)
- Backhoe Quickhitch (Hydraulic)
- Access Panels
- Engine Cover
- Front Grille
- Heater and Air Conditioning
- Cleaning the Cab Heater Fresh Air Filter
- Changing the Cab Heater Recirculation Filter(s) (if fitted)
- Brakes
- Park Brake
- Foot Brake
Section 3 - Maintenance93 topics
- Electrical System
- Jump Starting The Engine
- Fuses
- Link Box Fuses
- Relay Identification
- Engine
- Oil and Filter
- Cooling System
- Front End Accessory Drive Belt
- Air Filter
- Filling the Tank
- Water Separator and Engine Fuel Filter
- Bleeding the System
- Hydraulic System
- Releasing the Hydraulic Pressure
- Hydraulic Tank Filler Cap
- Cooling Pack
- Hose Burst Protection Valve (if fitted)
- Checking Hose Burst Protection Valve
- Lowering a Load
- Transmission
- Checking the Gearbox Oil Level
- Changing the Oil and Filter
- Axles
- Front and Rear Axle (All Wheel Steer Machines)
- Front and Rear Axle (Two Wheel Steer Machines)
- Tyres and Wheels
- Tyre Inflation
- Wheel Nuts
- Wheel Alignment
- Electronic Steer Mode Selector
- Wear Pads
- Extradig Dipper Wear Pads
- Stabiliser Legs (Sideshift Machines Only)
- Windscreen Washer
- Checking the Level
- Fire Extinguisher (if fitted)
- Checking the Fire Extinguisher
- Operation Overview
- Gearpump Machines
- Gearpump Machines from September 2007
- Variflow Machines
- Precision Control (Servo) Machines
- Connecting/Disconnecting Hydraulic Hoses
- Connecting the Hydraulic Hoses
- Disconnecting the Hydraulic Hoses
- Quick Release Couplings
- Changing the Return Line Filter - if fitted
- Gearpump Machines with Extending Dipper
- Electrical Connections
- NOT Servo Machines
- Flow Diverter Valve
- Removal and Replacement
- Dismantle and Assemble
- Flow and Pressure Testing
- Control Valve
- Operating Rams
- Tool Detail Reference
- Rivet Nuts
- Fitting Procedure
- Slide Hammer Kit
- Related Topics
- Specifications
- R134a Refrigerant
- PAG Type Refrigerant Oil
- System Operation
- System Control
- Electrical Operation and Schematics
- Electrical Description
- Wires and Connectors
- Safety Procedures
- Service Checks
- Off-Season Operation
- Fault Finding
- Fault Indications
- System Diagnosis using Test Gauges
- Test Procedures
- Leak Testing
- Tightening Leaking Hoses
- Refrigerant Charge Level
- Binary Pressure Switch
- Refrigerant
- Refrigerant Charging and Discharging
- Cleaning the Cab Filter
- Compressor Drive Belt - Adjustment
- ROPS, FOPS Structure - Checks
- Direct Glazing
- Cab Mountings
- Side Console
- Front Steering Console
- B Post Covers
- Roof Lining
- Cab Roof Moulding
Section B - Body and Framework63 topics
- Cleaning
- Air Conditioning Unit (HVAC)
- Evaporator Matrix
- Blower Unit
- Freeze Protection Thermostat
- Blower Motor
- Compressor Clutch Relay
- Fuel Level Sender
- Fluid Level Sight Glass
- Filter Cover Plate
- Sideshift
- Wear Pad - Adjustment
- Centremount
- Electrical Operation and Schematics - Early Machines
- Electrical Operation and Schematics - Later Machines
- Leg Alarm Switch - Adjustment (Sideshift)
- Leg Alarm Switch - Adjustment (Centremount)
- Wear Pad Adjustment
- Boom
- Dipper
- Wires and Connectors - Early Machines
- Wires and Connectors - Later Machines
- Pressure Switch Renewal
- Hydraclamp Clearance Setting
- Powered Sideshift
- Wear Pad Renewal
- Chain Adjustment
- Power Sideshift Ram
- Sideshift Carriage
- General Electrical Data
- Fuses and Relays - 3CX & 4CX Machines
- Fuses - NOT Servo Machines
- Fuses - Joystick Controls (Servo) Machines
- Relays - NOT Servo (Early Machines)
- Relays - NOT Servo (Later Machines to May 2009)
- Relays - NOT Servo (From May 2009)
- Relays - Joystick Controls (Servo) Machines
- Relays - Gearbox/Steer Control
- Fuses and Relays - 3C-14 (214e) & 3C Machines
- Relays
- 3CX & 4CX Machines
- Gearbox Control
- Synchro Shuttle Gearbox
- Powershift Gearbox
- Shiftmaster Gearbox
- Options
- Engine Cold Start Heater
- Steer Mode (4x4x4) - PCB (Relay) Controlled
- Steer Mode (4x4x4) - ECU Controlled
- Wheel Steer - Brake Mode
- Wheel Steer - Brake Mode (Germany)
- All Wheel Steer - Brake Mode
- Auxiliary & Hydraclamp Hydraulics
- Auxiliary & Hydraclamp Hydraulics from S/No. 1332954
- Speedometer
- Hand Held Tools
- Dedicated Quickhitch
- Pole Planter
- Smooth Ride System (SRS)
- Return to Dig (Shovel Reset)
- Hydraulic Speed Control (HSC)
- Loader Hydraulic Quickhitch - Changeover
- Basic Machine
Section C - Electrics74 topics
- Using a Multimeter
- Measuring DC Voltage
- Measuring Resistance
- Measuring Continuity
- Measuring Frequency
- Testing a Diode or a Diode Wire
- Maintenance
- Testing
- Specific Gravity Testing
- Alternator
- General Description
- Service Precautions
- Charging Circuit Test
- Alternator Charging Test
- Starter Motor
- Starting Circuit Test
- Wire and Harness Number Identification
- Wire Numbers and Functions
- Wiring Harness Repair
- Repair Procedure
- Removal, Inspection and Replacement
- Renewing the Voltage Regulator and Brushes
- Renewing the Drive Pulley
- Renewing the Brush Gear
- Renewing the Starter Solenoid
- Location
- Drawings and Interconnection
- Harnesses - NOT Servo Machines
- Harnesses - Joystick Controls (Servo) Machines
- Drawings
- Harnesses
- Loader Valve Controls
- Excavator Valve Controls
- Auxiliary Footpedal Control
- Cab Heater Control Cables
- Boom Lock Cable
- Engine Throttle Cable
- Park Brake Cable (Synchro Shuttle Machines)
- Park Brake Cable (Powershift Machines)
- Fitting and Adjustment
- Operation and Adjustment
- Gearpump - 3CX, 4CX Machines
- Standard
- High Pressure Type
- Variable Flow Pump
- Gearpump - 3C-14 (214e) Machines
- Gearpump - 3C Machines (Sideshift)
- Loader Valve - 3CX, 4CX Machines
- Loader Valve - Variable Flow
- Loader Valve - 3C-14 (214e) Machines
- Loader Valve - 3C Machines (Sideshift)
- Excavator Valve - 3CX, 4CX Machines
- Excavator Valve - 3C-14 (214e) Machines
- Excavator Valve - 3C Machines (Sideshift)
- Auxiliary Valve - if fitted
- Smooth Ride System (SRS) - if fitted
- Accumulator
- Component Location and Neutral Circuit Descriptions
- Gearpump - Double Pump
- Introduction to Hydraulic Schematic Symbols
- General (Basic and Functional Symbols)
- Control Valves
- Example of Schematic Circuit
- 3CX Gearpump Machines (up to September 2007)
- 3CX `S' Series Options
- 3CX `S' Series and 4CX Gearpump Options
- 3CX Gearpump Machines (from September 2007)
- 4CX Variable Flow Machines
- Spool with High Flow Options
- Spool with High and Low Flow Options
- Hand Held Tools Option
- 3C Machines (Sideshift)
- Gearpump - Operation
- Double Pump
Section E - Hydraulics117 topics
- Variable Flow Pump - Operation
- Pressure and Flow Regulator Valve
- Loader Valve - Manual Control
- Neutral Circuit
- Unloader Operation
- Load Hold Check Valves
- Arms Lower
- Float
- Auxiliary Relief Valve (ARV) Operation
- Main Relief Valve (MRV) Operation
- Operation
- Priority Inlet Section Operation
- Auxiliary Spool
- Loader Shovel Spool
- Loader Lift Spool
- Shuttle Valve Signal Network
- Excavator Valve - Manual Control
- One Way Restrictor Operation
- Slew Operation
- Slew Ram End Damping
- Slew A.R.V. and Anti-Cavitation Operation
- A.R.V. Operation
- Hydraclamp Valve Operation (Sideshift Machines)
- Smooth Ride System
- SRS with Hose Burst Protection Valves (HBPV) Option
- Quick Reference
- Circuit Descriptions
- Variable Flow Machines
- Hydraulic Contamination
- Hydraulic Fluid Quality
- Effects of Contamination
- Cleaning Operation
- Contaminant Standards
- Filters
- Gearpump
- Regulator Valve Adjustment
- Renewing Drive Shaft Seal
- Shuttle Valve Signal Network - Testing
- Loader Valve - Pressure Testing
- Main Relief Valve (MRV)
- Unloader Valve
- Auxiliary Relief Valves - Using Hand Pump
- Excavator Valve - Pressure Testing
- Ram Creep Tests - All Services
- Connecting and Disconnecting
- Smooth Ride System (SRS) Accumulator
- Charging and Discharging
- Valve Block Spool Seals
- Seal Fitting
- `Positional Type' Hydraulic Adaptors
- Checking Pump Flow
- Dismantle, Inspection and Assemble
- Combined Gearpump/Priority Valve
- Standard Spool
- Float Spool
- Electric Detent Spool
- Priority Inlet Section
- Fitting Spool Seal
- Auxiliary Relief Valves (ARV's)
- Valve Block
- Hydraclamp Valve (Sideshift Machines)
- Hoses and Pipes (Sideshift Valve)
- Hoses and Pipes (Centremount Valve)
- Hydraclamp Valve
- Hydraulic Operation and Schematics - Loader HBPV
- Load Raise
- Load Lower
- Relief Valve
- Hose Burst
- Smooth Ride System (SRS) - Option
- Hydraulic Operation and Schematics - Boom HBPV
- Hydraulic Operation and Schematics - Stabiliser HBPV
- Twin Check Valves
- Single Check Valve
- Pilot Valve Setting Procedure - Loader HBPV
- Loader HBPV
- Boom HBPV
- Precautions During Use
- Installation
- Caution During Use
- Maintenance, Inspection Points
- Loader Shovel Ram
- Loader Lift Ram
- Slew Ram
- Stabiliser Ram (Sideshift)
- Stabiliser Ram (Centremount)
- Bucket Crowd Ram
- Dipper Ram
- Boom Ram
- Typical Ram
- JCB Ram Sealing Procedure
- Tyre Sizes and Pressures
- Front Axles
- All Wheel Steer Machines
- Wheel Steer Machines (4 Wheel Drive)
- Wheel Steer Machines (2 Wheel Drive)
- Rear Axles
- Wheel Steer Machines
- SS700 Manual Gearbox
- Engine Stall Speed Combinations - SA, SB Type Engines
- Engine Stall Speed Combinations - SD, SF Type Engines
- Front Axle - Steer Drive Type SD55, SD80
- Component Identification
- Rear Axle - Steer Drive Type SD80
- Principle of Operation
- Hydraulic and Electrical Operation
- Forward and Reverser Clutch Operation
- and 4 Wheel Drive Clutch (4WD Pressure ON) Operation
- Synchromesh (Blocking Pin Type)
- Synchromesh Operation
- Mainshaft, Layshaft and 6 Speed Clutch Operation
- and 4 Wheel Drive Clutch (4WD Spring ON) Operation
- ShiftMaster Operation Characteristics
- Drivepaths - 4 Speed
- Drivepaths - 6 Speed
- Torque Converter
- Lock Up Torque Converter
Section F - Transmission48 topics
- Powershift Gearbox (ShiftMaster)
- ECU Electrical Connections
- Front Axles SD55 and SD80
- Renewing the Pinion Oil Seal
- Rear Axles PD70 and SD80
- Testing for Brake Piston Seal Leakage
- Flushing the Transmission Oil
- Torque Converter Stall Test
- Pressure and Flow Tests
- Forward and Reverse Solenoid Control Valve - Solenoid Coil
- Forward and Reverse Solenoid Control Valve
- Oil Pressure Switch
- Oil Temperature Switch
- Clutch Leakage Tests
- Solenoid Control Valve Cartridge - Solenoid Coil
- Solenoid Control Valve Cartridge - Single Fixing Type
- Solenoid Control Valve Cartridge - Twin Fixing Type
- Oil Temperature Switch - Non Lock Up Torque Converter Variants
- Oil Temperature Switch - Lock Up Torque Converter Variants
- Speed Sensors
- Electronic Control Unit
- ShiftMaster Diagnostics 2.2 - User Guide
- ShiftMaster Setup 2.2 - User Guide
- ShiftMaster Flash Programmer - User Guide
- Testing the Lock up Torque Converter
- Speedometer - if fitted
- Calibration Procedure
- Fault Finding Tables
- Dismantle, Inspection and Assembly
- Service Brakes
- Service Brakes - 3C Machines
- Compensating Master Cylinder
- Pedals Locked - Normal Operation
- Pedals Locked - Compensating Operation
- Pedals Unlocked - Normal Operation
- and 4 Wheel Braking Modes
- Wheel Steer Machines
- Auto 2 and 4 Wheel Braking
- Brake System
- Brake Light Switch - Adjustment
- Bleeding
- Brake Vacuum Tests
- Brake Piston Seal Leakage Test
- Axle Breather (Braked Axles) - Inspection
- Adjustment (Synchro Shuttle Machines)
- Adjustment (Powershift Machines)
- Park Brake Switch - Adjustment
- Renewing the Brake Pads (Synchro Shuttle Machines)
Section G - Brakes34 topics
- Synchro Shuttle Machines
- Torque Figures
- Calliper - Removal and Replacement
- Calliper - Dismantle, Inspection and Assemble
- Disc - Removal and Replacement
- Powershift Machines
- Hydraulic Steer Unit
- Priority Valve
- Priority Valve - 3C Machines (Sideshift)
- Steer Circuit Schematics
- Wheel Steer Machines (Steer Mode Valve Type 1)
- Wheel Steer Machines (Steer Mode Valve Type 2)
- Steer Unit Operation
- Neutral
- Left Turn
- Right Turn
- Right turn, Unassisted
- Shock Valve
- Wheel Steer Mode - Right Turn
- Crab Steer Mode - Right Turn
- Priority Valve Operation
- Turning
- PCB (Relay) Controlled Steer Mode
- ECU Controlled Steer Mode
- Steering System
- Diagnostic `Blink' Codes - if applicable
- Hydraulic Pressure Tests
- Standby Pressure
- Steering Pressure
- Steer Priority Valve - Cleaning
- Re-phasing the Road Wheels
- Proximity Switch - Setting
- Steer Mode Valve - Checking Solenoid Operation
- Checking Components for Internal Hydraulic Leakage
Section H - Steering39 topics
- Link Arms
- Rams
- Dismantle
- Assemble
- JCB DieselMax
- Engine Specifications
- Cold Start Heater
- Diagnostic `Blink' Codes
- Sensor Switches
- Solenoids
- Low Coolant Level Sensor - if fitted
- Removal
- Replacement
- Note Regarding Machine Types
- Precision Control Machines
- Relays - Early Machines
- Relays - Later Machines
- Advanced EasyControl Machines
- Relays - Later Machines to May 2009
- Relays - From May 2009
- EasyControl Machines
- Machines with Clam Shovel/Ext. Dipper Manual Isolator Switch
- Machines with Clam Shovel/Ext. Dipper Isolator Relay
- Advanced EasyControl Machines - From May 2009 (Digital Instruments)
- EasyControl Machines - To May 2009 (Analog Instruments)
- EasyControl Machines - From May 2009 (Digital Instruments)
- Variflow Pump Internal Circuit
- System Overview
- Excavator Servo Controls
- Load Sense and Pressure Compensator Function
- Inloader Valve and Hydraulic Speed Control (HSC) Function
- Grading Mode
- Auxiliary Service Thumbwheel Controls
- Joystick Enable and Seat Interlock Switches
- Hydraulic Operation and Schematics
- Unloader Valve Variant
- Joysticks Enable Circuit
- Hydraulic Speed Control (HSC) Inloader Override Circuit
- Clam Shovel and Extending Dipper Circuit
Section L - Servo Controls42 topics
- Thumbwheel Diagnostic `Blink' Codes
- Service Procedures
- Checking the Servo Pressure
- Checking the Main System Pressures
- Checking for Internal Leakage Fault in Load Sense Line
- Testing the Inloader Valve
- Pressure Compensator Network - Testing
- Bleeding the Auxiliary Service Pilot Hose
- Loader and Excavator Servo Controls
- Variflow Pump
- Excavator/Loader Changeover Circuit
- Excavator/Loader Auxiliary Service Controls
- Hydraulic Services Cycle Times
- Unloader and Hydraulic Speed Control (HSC) Function
- Excavator Bucket Thumb Ram - if fitted
- Excavator/Loader Auxiliary Changeover Circuit
- Checking the Main System Pressure
- Descriptions
- Joystick Controllers
- Stabiliser Controls
- ISO and SAE Control Pattern Changeover Valve - if fitted
- Joystick/Auxiliary Control Changeover Valve - if fitted
- Proportional Solenoid Valves Operation
- PWM Controller Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
- Pump P2 Directed to Tank
- Pump P2 in Circuit (Inloader Operation)
- Inloader Operation Override
- Graph of System Pressures
- Loader Valve Services
- Pressure Compensator Valves Operation
- Valve Block Sections
- Servo Operated Spool
- Manually Operated - Electric Detent Spool
- Manually Operated - Mechanical Detent Spool
- Load Sense Relief Valve
- External Auxiliary Relief Valves (ARV's)
- Internal Auxiliary Relief Valves (ARV's) - if fitted
- Flow Regulator Valve
- Pressure Compensator Valves
- Excavator Valve Services
- Hydraclamps Operation
- Seat Position Sensors - Adjustment
Inside this manual
Real pages from this service manual (1,912 pages). Open the sample pages (PDF, 423 KB)
- Diagram, page 485: Section C - Electrics
- Specifications, page 1,094: Section F - Transmission
- Troubleshooting, page 1,790: Section L - Servo Controls
- Color page, page 1,251: Section F - Transmission
- Color page, page 311: Section B - Body and Framework
This is a service manual
Here's how it compares to the other manual types.
This manual
Service manual
Factory repair procedures and technical information such as specifications, troubleshooting, and wiring and hydraulic diagrams, for the models and systems the manual covers. See What's inside for its topics.
Operator's manual
Safe operation, controls, maintenance schedules, lubrication points, inspections, and basic checks. Repair procedures are in the service manual.
Parts manual
Illustrated diagrams with factory part numbers for identifying components and ordering parts. Repair procedures are in the service manual.
Engine service manuals are sometimes sold separately, since certain machine models were offered with more than one engine option.
What it's used for
Factory manual for in-house farm and construction shop use. Straightforward, complete, and easy to follow. It contains the OEM information dealership service departments and parts counters use to diagnose problems, identify components, and perform maintenance or repairs correctly.
Service shops and owner/operators who repair their own equipment
Identifying correct parts and seeing how assemblies come apart and go back together
Keeping equipment running with less downtime
Factory manual, 1,912 pages
Quantity one is the manual described above.
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Other editions and similar models
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